English Verbs with Tenses and Meanings
A comprehensive reference for English learners
Master English Verb Conjugations
This reference guide provides a comprehensive list of common English verbs with their past simple (V2) and past participle (V3) forms, along with Tamil and English meanings.
Understanding verb tenses is crucial for effective communication in English. Regular verbs follow a predictable pattern (adding -ed), while irregular verbs must be memorized.
Common English Verbs
| Base Form (V1) | Past Simple (V2) | Past Participle (V3) | Tamil Meaning | English Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| be (am, is, are) | was / were | been | இரு, ஆகு | To exist; to have a quality/identity |
| have | had | had | வை, கொண்டிரு | To possess; to experience |
| do | did | done | செய் | To perform an action |
| go | went | gone | செல் | To move from one place to another |
| come | came | come | வா | To move towards the speaker |
| eat | ate | eaten | தின் | To consume food |
| drink | drank | drunk | குடி | To consume liquid |
| see | saw | seen | பார் | To perceive with the eyes |
| take | took | taken | எடு | To get hold of; to carry |
| give | gave | given | கொடு | To freely transfer possession |
| say | said | said | சொல் | To utter words; to express |
| get | got | got/gotten (US) | பெறு | To receive, obtain, or become |
| make | made | made | செய், உருவாக்கு | To create or construct |
| know | knew | known | அறி | To have knowledge or information |
| think | thought | thought | நினை | To have an opinion or idea |
| tell | told | told | கூறு | To inform or narrate |
| become | became | become | ஆகு | To begin to be; to develop into |
| leave | left | left | விடு, புறப்படு | To go away from; to allow to remain |
| put | put | put | வை | To place in a specific position |
| feel | felt | felt | உணர் | To experience an emotion/sensation |
| bring | brought | brought | கொண்டு வா | To take with you to a place |
| begin | began | begun | தொடங்கு | To start |
| run | ran | run | ஓடு | To move quickly on foot |
| write | wrote | written | எழுது | To mark letters or words |
| stand | stood | stood | நில் | To be in an upright position |
| understand | understood | understood | புரிந்து கொள் | To comprehend |
| read | read | read | படி | To look at and comprehend written words |
| speak | spoke | spoken | பேசு | To talk |
| find | found | found | கண்டுபிடி | To discover something |
| lose | lost | lost | இழ | To be unable to find; to be defeated |
| buy | bought | bought | வாங்கு | To purchase |
| sell | sold | sold | விற் | To exchange for money |
| teach | taught | taught | கற்பி | To educate or instruct |
| learn | learned/learnt | learned/learnt | கற் | To acquire knowledge or skills |
| meet | met | met | சந்தி | To encounter or come together with |
| sit | sat | sat | உட்கார் | To be seated |
| sleep | slept | slept | உறங்கு | To rest with eyes closed |
| wake | woke | woken | விழி | To stop sleeping |
| sing | sang | sung | பாடு | To produce musical sounds with voice |
| swim | swam | swum | நீந்து | To move through water |
| fly | flew | flown | பற | To move through air |
| drive | drove | driven | ஓட்டு | To operate a vehicle |
| ride | rode | ridden | ஏறி செல் | To travel on something |
| wear | wore | worn | அணி | To have clothes on body |
| hear | heard | heard | கேள் | To perceive sound |
| send | sent | sent | அனுப்பு | To cause to go or be carried |
| build | built | built | கட்டு | To construct |
| break | broke | broken | உடை | To separate into pieces |
| catch | caught | caught | பிடி | To capture or grasp |
| throw | threw | thrown | எறி | To propel through air |
| cut | cut | cut | வெட்டு | To divide with sharp tool |
Phrasal Verbs
| Phrasal Verb | Tamil Meaning | English Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| wake up | எழுந்து வா | To stop sleeping |
| get up | எழுந்து நில் | To rise from bed |
| look for | தேடு | To search for something |
| look after | கவனித்துக் கொள் | To take care of someone/something |
| give up | விட்டுக்கொடு, கைவிடு | To quit; to stop trying |
| turn on | இயக்கு / திற (மின் கருவி) | To switch a device on |
| turn off | நிறுத்து / மூடு (மின் கருவி) | To switch a device off |
| pick up | எடு | To lift; to collect someone |
| break down | செயலிழ, பழுதாகு | To stop working (machine); to lose emotional control |
| call off | ரத்து செய் | To cancel an event |
| carry on | தொடர் | To continue |
| find out | கண்டறி | To discover information |
| grow up | வளர் | To become an adult |
| look up | தேடிப்பார் | To search for information |
| set up | ஏற்பாடு செய் | To establish or arrange |
Important Notes on Usage
- Regular vs. Irregular Verbs: Regular verbs form their past tense (V2) and past participle (V3) by adding -ed (e.g., play → played). Irregular verbs do not follow this pattern (e.g., go → went → gone).
- Using the Verb Forms:
- Base Form (V1): Used with do/does (for questions/negatives in present) and with modal verbs like can, will, should.
- Past Simple (V2): Used for completed actions in the past.
- Past Participle (V3): Used with have/has/had to form perfect tenses and for passive voice.
- Stative Verbs: Some verbs (like know, understand, love, want) are typically not used in continuous tenses (-ing form).
- Context is Key: The Tamil meaning can sometimes vary slightly based on the context of the sentence.
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